As a valve widely used in fluid control systems, the ball valve is typically regarded as an efficient shut-off valve. Its unique structural design allows it to fully open or close the pipeline with just a 90-degree rotation, achieving rapid shut-off or opening of the media flow. Therefore, ball valves are widely used as shut-off valves in various industrial applications, especially in situations requiring frequent operation, quick response, and reliable sealing.

The Working Principle and Shut-off Function of Ball Valves

The core component of a ball valve is a ball with a through-hole. When the valve stem is operated, the ball rotates along the axis of the stem. When the through-hole in the ball aligns with the pipeline, fluid can flow freely; when the ball rotates 90 degrees, the through-hole becomes perpendicular to the pipeline, thereby stopping fluid flow. This simple yet effective working principle makes ball valves highly suitable as shut-off valves.

Compared to other types of valves, such as gate valves or globe valves, ball valves have a significant advantage in operating speed. They can achieve full opening or closing in a short time, and the opening and closing action requires only a 90-degree rotation of the valve stem. This feature makes ball valves excel in handling emergency situations.

Advantages of Ball Valves as Shut-off Valves

(1) Quick opening and closing:

The 90-degree rotation design of ball valves enables extremely fast operation, without the need for multiple turns to fully open or close like gate valves. This makes them particularly suitable for situations requiring emergency shut-off.

(2) Good sealing performance:

Ball valves typically use metal or elastic materials as sealing elements, providing a high degree of sealing performance. In the fully closed position, ball valves can effectively prevent media leakage, ensuring the safety and efficiency of the pipeline system.

(3) High durability:

Ball valves have a simple structure and smooth internal flow passage, resulting in low resistance as the medium flows through, which reduces valve wear. Additionally, ball valves maintain stable performance in high-pressure, high-temperature, and corrosive environments, offering a long service life and low maintenance costs.

(4) Wide applicability:

Ball valves are suitable for various media, including liquids, gases, steam, and some corrosive fluids. Whether in the oil and gas industry, chemical production, water treatment, or power generation, ball valves are one of the most commonly used shut-off valves.

The Application of Ball Valves in Industry

As shut-off valves, ball valves play an important role across various industries, especially in industrial applications with high fluid control requirements. The following are common application areas for ball valves:

(1) Oil and gas:

Ball valves are commonly used in oil and gas pipeline systems. Their reliable sealing performance and quick opening and closing capabilities ensure that, in emergency situations, the flow of media can be rapidly shut off, safeguarding the system's safety.

(2) Chemical industry:

In chemical plants, when handling corrosive media or toxic gases, the corrosion resistance and high sealing performance of ball valves are particularly important.

(3) Water treatment and supply systems:

In water treatment and municipal supply systems, ball valves are used to control the flow of water, facilitating maintenance operations and ensuring the normal operation of the pipeline system.

(4) Power industry:

In high-temperature and high-pressure environments, the durability and sealing performance of ball valves make them an ideal choice for power plants and steam systems.

Ball valve structure



Datong ball valve has many kinds of structure, but the basic is much the same, All the opening and closing parts are circular spherical cores, mainly composed of valves, spheres, sealing rings, valve bars and other drive devices, and the valve bars are rotated 90 degrees to achieve the opening and shutting of the valve, and are used in the pipe for shutting, dispensing, adjusting the flow size and changing the direction of the medium. Valve seat according to different conditions using different valve seat sealing form. O-ball valve body inside the installation of the middle through the ball, the ball is open with a diameter and pipe diameter equal to the through hole, the ball can be rotated in the sealing seat, in the direction of the pipeline on both sides of a circular elastomer to achieve sealing. V type ball valve ball core with V type structure, valve core is 1 / 4 ball shell, open with V type gap, large circulation capacity, adjustable range, with shear force, can close tight and other characteristics, especially suitable for fluid material with fibrous working conditions. I. Structure of O-type ball valve

O-ball valve body inside the installation of the middle through the ball, the ball is open with a diameter and pipe diameter equal to the through hole, the ball can be rotated in the sealing seat, in the direction of the pipeline on both sides of a circular elastomer to achieve sealing.By rotating the ball 90 °, the direction of the through hole can be changed, so as to realize the switch of the ball valve.O-type ball valve with floating or fixed design, phase motion parts are used Friction coefficient of small self-lubricating materials, Therefore, the operation torque is small, in addition to the long-term sealing of the sealing grease, which makes the operation more flexible. Its product advantages are as follows: 1. Type O ball valve has small fluid resistanceBall valves generally have two types of aperture and shrinkage structures. No matter which type of structure, the flow resistance coefficient of the ball valve is relatively small. Conventional ball valve for straight-through, also known as full-flow type ball valve, channel diameter is equal to the inner diameter of the pipeline, the resistance loss is only the same length of the pipeline friction resistance. This ball valve has the least fluid resistance of all valves. There are two ways to reduce the resistance of the pipeline system: First, to reduce the flow rate, the method is to increase the pipe diameter and valve diameter, which will greatly increase the cost of the pipeline system. The second is to reduce the local resistance of the valve, the ball valve is the best choice. 2, O ball valve switch quickly, convenient ball valve only need to rotate 90 degrees to complete the full open or full closed, so it can quickly open and close. 3, O-type ball valve sealing performance of the vast majority of the ball valve seat are made of polyethylene tetraethylene (PTFE) and other elastic materials, usually called soft sealing ball valve. Soft seal ball valve has good sealing performance, and the roughness of the valve sealing surface and processing accuracy requirements are not very high. 4, O-type ball valve long life due to polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE or F4) has good self-lubricating, and the ball friction coefficient is small. Due to the improvement of processing technology to reduce the ball roughness, thereby greatly improving the service life of the ball valve. 5, O ball valve reliability high ball and seat a pair of sealing pair will not occur abrasion, rapid friction and other faults; After the valve stem is changed to the internal type, the hidden trouble of the valve stem flying out due to the loosening of packing gland under the action of fluid pressure is eliminated; The ball valve with anti-static and fire-resistant structure can be used to transport oil, natural gas and gas pipelines. O-type ball valve spool (ball) for spherical, from the structural point of view, when sealing the ball seat embedded in the body side seat. The relative moving parts are self-lubricating materials with minimal friction coefficient, so the operating torque is small. In addition, the long-term sealing of the sealing grease makes the operation more flexible. Generally used for two adjustment, flow characteristics for fast opening. O-ball valve fully open, on both sides of the unimpeded valve, forming a straight pipe channel, two-way sealing, with “self-cleaning” performance of the best characteristics, suitable for particularly unclean, containing fiber media two cut off occasions. The ball core always generates friction with the valve during the opening and closing of the valve, and at the same time, the seal between the valve core and the valve seat is achieved by the pre-tight sealing force of the valve seat towards the ball core, but due to the excellent mechanical and physical properties of the flexible sealed valve seat, its sealability is particularly good. II. V-type ball valve structure

V type ball valve ball core with V type structure, valve core is 1 / 4 ball shell, open with V type gap, large circulation capacity, adjustable range, with shear force, can close tight and other characteristics, especially suitable for fluid material with fibrous working conditions. Under normal circumstances, V-shaped ball valves are single-sealed ball valves. Not suitable for two-way use. V-shaped edge, cut off impurities. In the process of rotation of the ball, the ball V-shaped knife edge and the valve seat tangent, thereby cutting off the fiber and solid material in the fluid, and the general ball valve does not have this function, so it is easy to lead to the closure of the fiber impurities stuck, to repair and maintenance of great inconvenience. The valve core of the V-type ball valve will not be stuck by the fiber. In addition, because the flange connection form is adopted, it is easy to disassemble and install, no special tools are needed, and maintenance is also simple and easy. When the valve is closed. The V-shaped gap creates a chisel-like scissor effect between the valve and the valve, and it has both self-cleaning function and prevents the spherical core from being stuck. The valve body, valve cover and valve are respectively made of metal point-to-point structures, and a smaller friction factor is used for the spring spring, so the operation torque is small and stable. V-ball valve is a right angle rotary structure, can achieve flow regulation, according to the V-angle of the V-ball, to achieve different degrees of proportion, The V-type ball valve is generally used in conjunction with the valve actuator and positioner, and can achieve proportional adjustment. The V-Type valve core is best suitable for various adjustment situations, has a large rated flow factor, a large variable ratio, good sealing effect, zero sensitivity of adjustment performance, small size, and can be mounted vertically. Suitable for controlling gas, steam, liquid and other media. V ball valve for right-angle rotary structure, by V valve body, pneumatic actuator, positioner and other accessories; There is an inherent flow characteristic that is approximately equal to one hundred percent; Double bearing structure, small starting torque, excellent sensitivity and induction speed, super shear capacity.